Free Radicals and Cell Damage - Antioxidants and How to Fight the Good Fight

Our body is a very efficient machine for the most part, but even the best maintained machine has its issues from time to time. For the body, this issue is free radicals. Free radicals are molecules that are responsible for tissue damage, again and certain diseases as well.

Our body relies on oxygen for every function that it carries out, from the smallest and most mundane to the most complex. It also relies on fuel in the form of calories from the foods that we eat, to have the energy to transport this oxygen to every cell. The entire process is carried out by thermogenesis which is a fancy term for heat generation.

Heat is created when we digest food and when we process oxygen. Of course, just like with other actions or processes, there are reactions or by-products. In this case, the byproducts are known as free radicals.

While some radicals are generated by our natural processes and therefore can never be one hundred percent prevented, there are other, unnatural causes of free radicals that contribute to their build up in our body. Some examples of these unnatural causes are cigarette smoke, pollution, poor food choices, overexposure to the sun, and certain chemicals. Free radicals, even when they are generated from within our own bodies are dangerous and can be very damaging.

Free radicals are unstable molecules because they are missing an electron. Their goal is to seek a replacement for this electron and they do not care where they scavenge it from. Free radicals steal their missing electron from DNA, enzymes, protein, and from any other cell type that happens to be around them. They can damage the cell membrane in search of their electron. Cells sustain up to ten thousand free radical hits each and every day.

To prevent or at least lessen some of the damages caused by these unstable compounds, it is necessary to incorporate antioxidants into the body's line of defense. Antioxidants give up one of their own electrons to stabilize and neutralize the dangerous effects of the radical.

Our body produces some antioxidants, but this natural production is often inadequate to handle the free radicals that have accumulated. This is especially true if we are at risk from external sources like our own environments, bad habits, and bad food choices. The more free radicals we have to deal with, the more antioxidants we will need to incorporate to handle them.

There are beneficial antioxidants in some foods as well as in some supplements such as vitamins. Natural foods are a good source of antioxidants, especially fruits, nuts, and vegetables. Hopefully, the antioxidants in the good foods that we eat, in addition to those our body naturally produces will be enough to help us win the ongoing battle against free radicals and their cell damage.