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Nigel Makin - ArticlesSpinel - Rare and SpectacularThe Spinel Gemstone is the forgotten jewel of the Gemstone world, it is not a birthstone and it has no association as an anniversary gem. The species that gemmologists designate as Spinel comes in just about all colours, however only a few are of Gemstone quality.
The best sources of Spinel are Cambodia, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, with other good sources coming from Afghanistan, Brazil, Madagascar, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, Tanzania and Thailand. Peridot - the Seaman's EmeraldPeridot is the birthstone for the month of August, as well as being the anniversary stone to celebrate sixteen years of marriage. The name commonly used for this Gemstone in mineralogy is Olivine because of its olive-green colouring. The best sources of Peridot are Australia, Brazil, China, Egypt, Myanmar, Pakistan and South Africa. Deposits in Arizona are the major source of Peridot within the United States. Garnet - the Travelers GemstoneAlmost everyone confuses the Garnet Gemstone with the dark red stone only, the truth of the matter is that Garnet comes in an array of different colours with some of them costing nearly as much as a Sapphire. Garnet is the birthstone for the month of January and is the anniversary stone to celebrate two years of marriage. Good sources of Garnet originate from Argentina, Brazil, Germany, India, Kenya, Madagascar, Namibia, Pakistan, Russia and areas of Scandinavia, South Africa, Sri Lanka Tourmaline - a Modern GemstoneWhen discovered at source Tourmaline is usually in long slender crystal shards with different variations of colour running along it's length, finding a crystal with only one colour is a rare occurrence. This wonderfully coloured jewel is a rarity in itself as it is the only gemstone to have three sided prisms in it's crystal structure.
The Tourmaline Gemstone is often given to celebrate eight years of marriage.
Tourmalines are found in a number of regions throughout the globe, with the best Turquoise - the Holy StoneFor thousands of years the ancient Persians exported Turquoise to the world, it was hugely popular and to this day demand is still massive, so huge is this demand that a worldwide industry has developed not just to mine it, but to imitate and reproduce it as well.
The Turquoise Gemstone is the official stone for December and is also used to celebrate five years of marriage. Originally Persia (Iran) was the most important source of Turquoise but is now virtually mined out; good sources of the Citrine - Lucky Merchants StoneA variety of Quartz ranging in colour from lemon yellow to a deep red brown or amber is called Citrine and is also the birthstone for the month of November.
Natural deposits of Citrine are found in Argentina, Brazil, Madagascar, Myanmar, Namibia, Russia, Scotland and Spain, California within the United States is another good source.
These Gemstones have been passed off as the more expensive Topaz by some deceptive traders in the past using names like Bahia, Madeira and Rio Grande Topaz, this Topaz - Jewel of the SunThe Topaz Gemstone is the birthstone for the month of November, the Blue variety of this lovely stone is also the anniversary gem for the fourth year of marriage.
Many variations of gentle tones are available depending on the impurities present in the Gemstone, these can range from yellow to yellow-brown, orange-brown, pink-brown, pale to medium red,blue and colourless. The best sources of Topaz are Brazil, Pakistan, Russia, Afghanistan, Australia, Myanmar, Nigeria, Sri Lanka Sapphire - a True Blue Symbol of TruthThe Sapphire Gemstone is the blue variety of Corundum and the birthstone for the month of September, it is also the anniversary stone to celebrate forty-five years of marriage.
Variations in iron and titanium impurities mean that this gemstone comes in many different colours these are called fancy Sapphires, a pink orange variety is called Padparadscha and are expensive and very rare. True blue gems are the most sought after with cornflower blue offerings from Kashmir on the Pakistan and India Ruby - Lord of GemsThe Ruby Gemstone is the red variety of Corundum and the birthstone for the month of July, it is also the anniversary stone to celebrate forty years of marriage. The finest colour is a pure rich red with a hint of blue, the Ruby gets it's colouring due to the presence of iron and chromium. Rubies are mined in Afghanistan, Australia,Cambodia, India and Kenya, Myanmar (formerly Burma) other good sources are Pakistan, Russia, Tanzania, Thailand and Vietnam. Within the United States, North Carolina Emerald - Flawed and FabulousThe Emerald Gemstone is a variety of the mineral Beryl and is a beautiful strong velvety green in colour, although more recently a bluish green seems to be the most desired.
Beryl is colourless in it's purest form, but the presence of chromium and vanadium is what gives this flawed but fabulous Gemstone it's rich colouring. Emerald is the birthstone for the month of May and is also the anniversary Gemstone used to celebrate the twentieth and thirty-fifth years of marriage.
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