The importance of industrial cooling systems and HVAC chillers
Industrial cooling systems are vital to many manufacturing processes because of the hundreds of machinery used which create heat, or use it as an input, during some stage of the process. This may include the heat required to convert a raw material from one state into another, for example, of a frictional heat which is produced by the equipment that creates a product, or of course a mixture of both of these. HVAC chillers, or cooling towers, are simply a subcategory that rejects heat from a chiller.
As part of an industrial process in a factory, the heat needs to be removed and is usually done so by introducing a flow of chilled or cooled water which is used to absorb it up. However it must be at a constant temperature and flow rate for it to work. The benefits of a well designed and installed water cooling system along with making the industrial process possible, include cycle time consistency, quality production and fewer rejects. They all help to improve the production and manufacturing process, making it safer and easier to use. Industrial cooling systems can include Water Cooling Towers, Air Blast Coolers, Glycol Chiller and Water Chillers.
HVAC cooled chillers tend to be more energy efficient than air cooled chillers because of the heat rejection to tower water at or near wet bulb temperatures. Air cooled chillers need to reject heat at dry bulb temperatures and so have a lower average reverse-Carnot cycle effectiveness. For example, there are certain large buildings that use one or more cooling towers within their air conditioning systems, which include office blocks, hospitals and schools. Industrial cooling towers can also be a lot bigger in size than HVAC towers and the latter use a cooling tower with a water cooled chiller or water cooled condenser.
A tonne of air conditioning is the removal of 12,000 Btu per hour (3517 W). The equivalent tonne on the cooling tower side rejects approx 15,000 Btu per hour (4393 W) because o the heat equivalent of the energy which is required to drive the chillers compressor. This is defined as the heat rejection in cooling 3 U.S. gallons per minute (1,500 pound per hour) of water 10 °F (5.56 °C), which equals to 15,000 Btu per hour, or a chiller coefficient of performance (COP) of 4. This COP is equal to an energy efficiency ratio (also known as EER) of 13.65.
Cooling towers can also be used in HVAC systems which include multiple water source heat pumps, sharing a regular piping ‘water loop'. In this type of unit, the water moving inside the ‘water loop' expels the heat from the condenser of the heat pumps whenever they are working in a cooling mode, then the cooling tower gets rid of the heat from the water loop and throws it out into the atmosphere. When the heat pumps are in heating mode, the condensers take heat out of the loop water and expel it into the area to be heated.
Questions and Answers
Water chillers are designed in such a way that these are ideal for the purpose of chilling of water. There are various domestic as well as industrial type water chillers available in the market.
Here you can find brief yet exhaustive information about various types of chillers, their mode of operation, their advantages and limitation.
Chillers are quite useful cooling equipments used in a number of industries for cooling various substances. They are very simple to operate and have two main varieties. One is air cooled and other is water cooled chillers.
Air changes per hour (ACH) The number of times per hour that the volume of a specific room or building is supplied or removed from that space by mechanical and natural ventilation. Air handler, or air handling unit (AHU) Central unit consisting of a blower, heating and cooling elements, filter racks or chamber, dampers, humidifier, and other central equipment in direct contact with the airflow. This does not include the ductwork through the building. British thermal unit (BTU) Any of
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