How clouds affect solar panels

Posted: Feb 14, 2011 |Comments: 0 |

What is sunlight? Sunlight is radiation. The radiation is actually made up of particles called photons traveling in waves outward from the sun, like ping-pong balls being carried along on the waves in the sea. The Photon-waves have different lengths. When a prism spreads out a beam of sunlight to show the spectrum of colours from red to violet, what we are seeing are the different wavelengths of light, from the long wavelengths at the red end to shorter wavelengths at the violet end. The spectrum of sunlight still extends further at both ends but is not visible to our eyes. At the violet end it extends into the ultra-violet, these are the rays that cause sunburn on the skin, at the red end it extends into the infra-red, these are the rays we feel as heat on our skin.

How do solar panels work? Solar panels work by absorbing visible sunlight photons electricity. The solar cell can only use part of the sunlight to create electricity. Only the photons of certain wavelengths have just enough energy to be used by the solar cell. Just like in the Goldilocks fairytale the sunlight must be 'just right', long wavelengths at the infra-red end of the spectrum just heat up the solar cell and photons at the blue end ultraviolet pass right through the solar cell.

Clouds get in the way The best sunlight for solar cells is direct sunlight passing through a clear atmosphere devoid of water vapour or clouds. Although we still see bright sunlight even on a cloudy day, the light is diffuse, it has been scattered and bounced off the water molecules in clouds. Now just as a glass prism breaks up sunlight into its various colour components so the water droplets in clouds absorb sunlight. On an overcast day the useful sunlight reaching a solar panel is only about 10 to 20 % of direct sunlight.

Although clouds do prevent the maximum amount of sunlight from reaching a solar panel, due to the need to use it in a certain geographical location, there is not much that can be done to avoid it but hard shadows from nearby objects and trees can be avoided by careful positioning. When selecting a solar charger position keep in mind that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west regardless of where it is located and ensure that during the best sun hours from 10 AM till 4PM there are no shadows as that is an avoidable cause of reduced output when you estimate solar panel requirements

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    Source:  http://www.articlesbase.com/camping-articles/how-clouds-affect-solar-panels-4229597.html

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