General Trends and Disciplines within the Study of Geography
Geography is one of the sciences you can not do without nowadays. What makes it so important? It helps you learn more about the world you live in. New research fields and disciplines within geography study appear constantly.
There are two main areas within geography.
The Earth from the point of view of environmental patterns and processes is studied by physical geography.
Human use and understanding of Earth is the subject of human geography.
These branches are closely interconnected and related to external disciplines like physics, biology, history and social sciences.
Among human geography disciplines there are
1.economic geography which deals with the study of different economic types and formations in their relationship with each other and the natural environment,
2.political geography the issue of which is studying relationship between political processes and spatial peculiarities,
3.cultural geography studying the variation of specific cultural features and standards throughout the world,
4.tourism geography which observes tourism as human activity,
5.historical geography that holds together such issues as history of geographic science and the changes in territorial division and environment throughout time,
6.urban geography which studies the infrastructure and processes within urban areas.
Physical geography concerns the following issues:
1.geomorphology that is the study of the Earth surface and the processes forming it,
2.hydrology that aims at researching the processes of water movement and accumulation throughout the Earth – it's connected to glaciology – the study of glaciers and ice sheets – and oceanography – the study of oceans and seas,
3.biogeography i.e. the study of animal species populations, their spatial division and the processes affecting it,
4.climatology – the study of climate,
5.pedology – the soil study,
6.paleogeography investigating the processes which took place in the prehistoric ages and their outcomes in modern times,
7.landscape ecology that deals with the interconnection between ecological processes and landscape patterns.
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