Ian Ball is an expert on the mobile phone industry
In GSM mobile phone system the region to be covered by the service is divided into hexagonal cells which are typically 5 km in diameter. The size depends on the density of traffic and would be larger in sparsely populated areas. At the centre of each hexagonal cell there is a base transceiver station (BS) which sends and receives calls to /from mobile phones within its range. The cell shape is hexagonal as the distance between centres of neighbouring hexagons is constant. This property is useful to ensure easy hand off, i.e., transfer of control of a mobile phone from one cell to an appropriate adjacent cell when the user of the mobile phone moves. The base station has several antennas, a controller and a set of transceivers, one transceiver for each channel assigned to that cell. The Base Stations are all connected to a Mobile Telecommunication Switching Office (MTSO) usually by land lines. If the terrain is unsuitable BS may be connected to MTSO by wireless. MTSO is also connected to fixed phones through PSTN by a land line.
Fixed line to Mobile
The functions of MTSO are to:
·
o Establish a connection between a fixed phone and a mobile phone via BS and vice versa.
o Establish a connection between two mobile phones by using their respective BSs.
o Allocate appropriate channels to mobile phones to communicate by informing concerned BS.
o Manage handoff of mobile phones from a BS to an appropriate one when a mobile user moves.
o Monitor the calls in progress for facilitating charging for use.
Channel Allocation
Before describing how connection is established between a mobile phone and a fixed phone as well as between two mobile phones we will have to understand how channels are allocated to mobile phones when they want to communicate. The most expensive resource in mobile phone system is the electromagnetic spectrum allocated for this purpose .A specific band of frequencies is allocated to a cell phone company by the government which has to be used judiciously by the company to support as many mobile subscribers as possible. In GSM system this band is divided into a set of sub bands and one set is allocated to each cell for communication within that cell. As mobile phones have a limited power (due to small size and need to conserve battery life) their transmission has a limited range and thus the sizes of the cells are small (a few kms) . Thus a sub band of frequencies allocated to a cell can be reused in other cells which are not in their immediate vicinity. This frequency reuse is a very important feature of the cellular communication system. Now let's see how this connection is established.
online mobile
- Related Videos
- Related Articles
- Ask / Related Q&A
- Mobile Phone Network
- Make Full Use of your Mobile Phone By Subscribing the Right Mobile Phone Networks
- Mobile Phones Networks: Communication Option
- Mobile Phone Networks: Weaving Mobile Telephony in a Tech-web
- Virgin Mobile Phone Network: Cost Effective and Reliable
- Vodafone Mobile Phone Network
- Which Mobile Phone & Network is Best for Me?
- Selecting Mobile Phone Networks
Phone Numbers
By: Lina Tiwa | 28/12/2009Most people never think of telephone numbers as anything more than a way to communicate with others, but the fact is they are much more valuable then you might realize. Each number you have ever dialed or owned was its own code that not only held information regarding the line type it belonged to, the telecommunications provider to which it linked, and the geographical location associated with the area code, but also the name of the owner and their location.
Stop Prank Callers With Reverse Phone Detective
By: Lina Tiwa | 28/12/2009Aiming to discover a reverse phone trace directory is significantly simpler than a lot of individuals appreciate. As we continue moving into the future, many more people are transitioning to cellular phones. Albeit with that build up in the use of them follows an increase in unknown or bothersome calls. Before this day and age, it was only at home would you receive bothersome phone calls, mysterious hang ups, or late night prank calls, yet now even mobile phone users are receiving these kinds of calls.
Free mobile games download is a key to entertainment
By: Nisha Garg | 28/12/2009Despite from its calling features, with the ongoing development mobile phones are serving nation as the basic pocket entertainer. Gaming is the most common and the oldest feature, which is available since the era of black & white phones. Mobile games can be easily downloaded to the mobile phones. Various websites are available that offers free mobile games download facility.
Phone Number Search and Reverse Phone Directory
By: Lina Tiwa | 28/12/2009A reverse cell phone trace services are for those people who might have a cellular telephone number, or possibly a residential one, and have no idea who the owner of the phone is. Those services will be useful in many more ways than just one. Primarily, if you are a parent, this kind of thing might be advantageous to discover whom your kids are really spending time with.
How to Find the Owner of Any Phone Number Using Reverse Phone Search
By: Lina Tiwa | 28/12/2009In today's technologically advanced society, cell phones have become a fashionable item; a custom-made contraption that is a hand-held representation of the personality of the person. Throughout numerous countries, mobile telephones are outnumbering residential phones.
Reverse Cell Phone Lookup -Is My Girlfriend Cheating?
By: Lina Tiwa | 28/12/2009Have you ever been in a situation like myself where you have found a telephone number but you did not know who it belonged to, in my case it was a number on my girlfriends phone and it was really getting to me.
Why Sending SMSes Is Very Popular In India?
By: CD Mohatta | 28/12/2009India is a country of a billion people. Over five hundred million people use mobile phones in India. The popularity of sending text messages has been soaring in India and shows no signs of slowing down. Why is this happening more in India than in other countries like the United States?
Nokia 5800 Xpress Music – A sensational Music Phone
By: Payal Jindal | 28/12/2009The widget is pleasure in itself to carry in pockets providing entertainment and business uninterrupted.
Your Old Worthless Cell Phone
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesWhat is your old worthless cell phone worth? To you, nothing. Maybe you haven’t noticed that they have been giving away cell phones for any reason at all for several years now. If you want a new cell phone, just wait until your contract runs out with your current provider, and then ask for a new FREE cell phone with the features you want.
Voice Dialing With Cell Phones
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesOf all the unique features to come with handy mobile phone, voice calling is the best and the latest. This exciting feature enables mobile phone users to make phone calls by just calling out a person’s name to their cell. The mobile phone will automatically dial the person’s number and make the call.
The World's Largest Mobile Phone Company Vodafone Acquired Hutch
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesThe world's largest mobile phone company Vodafone on Friday officially announced that its was looking to acquire a controlling stake in India's Hutchison-Essar, ending a week long speculation about its intentions. It announced announced its readiness to buy 'in cash' Hutch-Essar, India's fourth largest mobile operator being valued up to $17 billion. It becomes the first player to throw the hat in the ring.
Understanding Cdma in Mobile Phones
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesCDMA is a short terms that refers to ‘Code Division Multiple Access’. It is used in the second-generation (2G) and third-generation (3G) mobile phone tethnology. So, what does CDMA do for your mobile phone?
Trends in Mobile Communications
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesCommunication is one of the important areas of Electronics and has always been a focus point for exchanging information among parties at locations physically apart. There are different modes of communication like written messages ,speaking to the other party, giving Fax etc.
Tips for Buying a Good Cell Phone
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesBuying a cell phone is not an easy task, particularly with myriad cell phone varieties arriving in the market these days. Each one offers its own unique features, yet it is different in some way from the other, through style, design and quality. With the plethora of cell phone varieties, coming out these days it’s easy to get confused. Here are a couple of tips you can use when buying cell phones:
Tips for Battery Use in Cell Phones
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesMobile phones get charged through batteries or through a phone charger. Now if you feel that using batteries is a better option for you because you don’t want the hassle of charging you mobile every time, you should keep in mind how much you are going to use the mobile before going in for buying the battery. Here is a look at the typical mobile phone batteries.
The Gsm Service
By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell PhonesIn GSM mobile phone system the region to be covered by the service is divided into hexagonal cells which are typically 5 km in diameter. The size depends on the density of traffic and would be larger in sparsely populated areas. At the centre of each hexagonal cell there is a base transceiver station (BS) which sends and receives calls to /from mobile phones within its range.