The Gsm Service

<h1>The Gsm Service</h1>Author: <a title="Ian Ball" href="http://www.articlesbase.com/authors/ian-ball/18940.htm">Ian Ball</a> In GSM mobile phone system the region to be covered by the service is divided into hexagonal cells which are typically 5 km in diameter. The size depends on the density of traffic and would be larger in sparsely populated areas. At the centre of each hexagonal cell there is a base transceiver station (BS) which sends and receives calls to /from mobile phones within its range. The cell shape is hexagonal as the distance between centres of neighbouring hexagons is constant. This property is useful to ensure easy hand off, i.e., transfer of control of a mobile phone from one cell to an appropriate adjacent cell when the user of the mobile phone moves. The base station has several antennas, a controller and a set of transceivers, one transceiver for each channel assigned to that cell. The Base Stations are all connected to a Mobile Telecommunication Switching Office (MTSO) usually by land lines. If the terrain is unsuitable BS may be connected to MTSO by wireless. MTSO is also connected to fixed phones through PSTN by a land line.

Fixed line to Mobile

The functions of MTSO are to:

·

o	Establish a connection between a fixed phone and a mobile phone via BS and vice versa.

o	Establish a connection between two mobile phones by using their respective BSs.

o	Allocate appropriate channels to mobile phones to communicate by informing concerned BS.

o	Manage handoff of mobile phones from a BS to an appropriate one when a mobile user moves.

o	Monitor the calls in progress for facilitating charging for use.

Channel Allocation

Before describing how connection is established between a mobile phone and a fixed phone as well as between two mobile phones we will have to understand how channels are allocated to mobile phones when they want to communicate. The most expensive resource in mobile phone system is the electromagnetic spectrum allocated for this purpose .A specific band of frequencies is allocated to a cell phone company by the government which has to be used judiciously by the company to support as many mobile subscribers as possible. In GSM system this band is divided into a set of sub bands and one set is allocated to each cell for communication within that cell. As mobile phones have a limited power (due to small size and need to conserve battery life) their transmission has a limited range and thus the sizes of the cells are small (a few kms) . Thus a sub band of frequencies allocated to a cell can be reused in other cells which are not in their immediate vicinity. This frequency reuse is a very important feature of the cellular communication system. Now let's see how this connection is established.

<a href="http://www.dialaphone.co.uk/buymobilephones.html">online mobile</a>About the Author: Ian Ball is an expert on the mobile phone industryArticle Source: <a href="http://www.articlesbase.com/">ArticlesBase.com</a> - <a href="http://www.articlesbase.com/cell-phones-articles/the-gsm-service-284254.html" title="The Gsm Service">The Gsm Service</a>

In GSM mobile phone system the region to be covered by the service is divided into hexagonal cells which are typically 5 km in diameter. The size depends on the density of traffic and would be larger in sparsely populated areas. At the centre of each hexagonal cell there is a base transceiver station (BS) which sends and receives calls to /from mobile phones within its range. The cell shape is hexagonal as the distance between centres of neighbouring hexagons is constant. This property is useful to ensure easy hand off, i.e., transfer of control of a mobile phone from one cell to an appropriate adjacent cell when the user of the mobile phone moves. The base station has several antennas, a controller and a set of transceivers, one transceiver for each channel assigned to that cell. The Base Stations are all connected to a Mobile Telecommunication Switching Office (MTSO) usually by land lines. If the terrain is unsuitable BS may be connected to MTSO by wireless. MTSO is also connected to fixed phones through PSTN by a land line.
Fixed line to Mobile
The functions of MTSO are to:
·
o Establish a connection between a fixed phone and a mobile phone via BS and vice versa.
o Establish a connection between two mobile phones by using their respective BSs.
o Allocate appropriate channels to mobile phones to communicate by informing concerned BS.
o Manage handoff of mobile phones from a BS to an appropriate one when a mobile user moves.
o Monitor the calls in progress for facilitating charging for use.
Channel Allocation
Before describing how connection is established between a mobile phone and a fixed phone as well as between two mobile phones we will have to understand how channels are allocated to mobile phones when they want to communicate. The most expensive resource in mobile phone system is the electromagnetic spectrum allocated for this purpose .A specific band of frequencies is allocated to a cell phone company by the government which has to be used judiciously by the company to support as many mobile subscribers as possible. In GSM system this band is divided into a set of sub bands and one set is allocated to each cell for communication within that cell. As mobile phones have a limited power (due to small size and need to conserve battery life) their transmission has a limited range and thus the sizes of the cells are small (a few kms) . Thus a sub band of frequencies allocated to a cell can be reused in other cells which are not in their immediate vicinity. This frequency reuse is a very important feature of the cellular communication system. Now let's see how this connection is established.

online mobile

Ian Ball is an expert on the mobile phone industry

Rate this Article:

0 / 5 stars - 0 vote(s)

Re-Publish

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/cell-phones-articles/the-gsm-service-284254.html

Article Tags: Mobile Phones, Network, Gsm

Related Videos
Related Articles
Ask / Related Q&A

Play

Small Business Advice - How to Choose the Right Mobile Phone

Play

The Best Mobile Phones and Accessories for Entrepreneurs in 2009

Play

How To Track Mobile Phones

Play

A Guide to Prepaid Phones - Firefly Mobile Phone

Play

The Evolution of Mobile Phones

Latest Cell Phones Articles
More from Ian Ball

Cheap Broadband Deals Decision Making Over The Internet

By: Antonycool | 11/11/2009
Broadband connections revolutionized the way we surf and browse the Internet. Replacing the old and slow connection forms of dial-up, broadband offers faster access and eventually saves time in loading time for a page.

Find top 10 mobile themes - Choose the most interesting one

By: Nisha Garg | 11/11/2009
The large number of features available on mobile made it very popular. It is available in everyone's hands now. People always want to assign smart look to their mobiles. They want to keep their mobile stylish and beautiful. Mobile phone theme is such a feature which enables a person to assign desired style and look to his mobile. There are many websites that contain various mobile themes. One can easily download the mobile themes made for his brand and model of mobile.

With HP Laptops get essential features at an affordable price

By: Shefali Roy | 11/11/2009
With high end hardware and a user friendly interface, HP laptops are more popular than ever before and more number of people are moving from the traditional PC market to get this latest electronic item. HP laptops have gained leverage in providing high-quality solutions in IT needs for a very long time.

Latest Phones – Sophisticated masterpieces proving to be wonderful utility devices

By: Stephen George | 11/11/2009
To offer its mobile buffs maximum variety, various mobile brands have come out with their latest series of mobile phones that look not only distinctive in their styling but also promise to deliver best in its class results. These latest phones that come equipped with state of the art features truly dazzle the person with its spectacular performance.

Sony Ericsson W705 A Aound Quality Champion

By: carlodanie | 11/11/2009
The Sony Ericsson W705 is a gorgeous looking 3G music phone that comes with a smooth slide opening casing & is available in two desirable colours silver & a passionate red that gives the phone an elegant & luxurious look.

Experience the best of LG with the all new LG GC900 Viewty Smart Black

By: Alden Jerry | 11/11/2009
LG has introduced its numerous latest handsets in the mobile handsets market for example KM900 Arena, LG KC 910 Renoir, KU990 Viewty and more. The LG GC900 Viewty Smart Black has become very well liked amidst numerous handset users. The cause behind this is its built-up with latest expertise and precious features.

FM Mobile Phones – The Feature everyone likes to have

By: Alden Jerry | 11/11/2009
Although with the increase in mobile technology several features have been integrated, FM Mobile Phones is indeed the feature so popular it is found as a rule in almost all of them. And who would mind being able to listen to a great variety of music to shed away those boring moments.

Selling Mobile Phones for Cash - Get the Best Deal & Most Money

By: Mike | 11/11/2009
If you have an old mobile phone and want to recycle your mobile to one of the many mobile phone recycling sites you can use to get cash for your mobile you are at the right place. This will help you to make the right decision and get the most money.

Your Old Worthless Cell Phone

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
What is your old worthless cell phone worth? To you, nothing. Maybe you haven’t noticed that they have been giving away cell phones for any reason at all for several years now. If you want a new cell phone, just wait until your contract runs out with your current provider, and then ask for a new FREE cell phone with the features you want.

Voice Dialing With Cell Phones

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
Of all the unique features to come with handy mobile phone, voice calling is the best and the latest. This exciting feature enables mobile phone users to make phone calls by just calling out a person’s name to their cell. The mobile phone will automatically dial the person’s number and make the call.

The World's Largest Mobile Phone Company Vodafone Acquired Hutch

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
The world's largest mobile phone company Vodafone on Friday officially announced that its was looking to acquire a controlling stake in India's Hutchison-Essar, ending a week long speculation about its intentions. It announced announced its readiness to buy 'in cash' Hutch-Essar, India's fourth largest mobile operator being valued up to $17 billion. It becomes the first player to throw the hat in the ring.

Understanding Cdma in Mobile Phones

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
CDMA is a short terms that refers to ‘Code Division Multiple Access’. It is used in the second-generation (2G) and third-generation (3G) mobile phone tethnology. So, what does CDMA do for your mobile phone?

Trends in Mobile Communications

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
Communication is one of the important areas of Electronics and has always been a focus point for exchanging information among parties at locations physically apart. There are different modes of communication like written messages ,speaking to the other party, giving Fax etc.

Tips for Buying a Good Cell Phone

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
Buying a cell phone is not an easy task, particularly with myriad cell phone varieties arriving in the market these days. Each one offers its own unique features, yet it is different in some way from the other, through style, design and quality. With the plethora of cell phone varieties, coming out these days it’s easy to get confused. Here are a couple of tips you can use when buying cell phones:

Tips for Battery Use in Cell Phones

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
Mobile phones get charged through batteries or through a phone charger. Now if you feel that using batteries is a better option for you because you don’t want the hassle of charging you mobile every time, you should keep in mind how much you are going to use the mobile before going in for buying the battery. Here is a look at the typical mobile phone batteries.

The Gsm Service

By: Ian Ball | 17/12/2007 | Cell Phones
In GSM mobile phone system the region to be covered by the service is divided into hexagonal cells which are typically 5 km in diameter. The size depends on the density of traffic and would be larger in sparsely populated areas. At the centre of each hexagonal cell there is a base transceiver station (BS) which sends and receives calls to /from mobile phones within its range.