Consequences of Occupational Exposures to Hazardous Drugs
There are numerous evidences related to occupational exposures to hazardous drugs in the health care workers. Professionals that prepare and monitor hazardous drugs have higher indications of mutagenic substances in their urine as compared to the non-exposed workers. These evidences are supported by various studies examining urine mutagenecity, chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, and other endpoints in studies of pharmacists who handle these drugs.
About 5.5 million workers all over world are potentially exposed to different kinds of hazardous drugs. They may be exposed to a drug throughout its life cycle which includes its manufacture, transport and distribution, use in health care or home care settings and waste disposal. These workers include shipping and receiving personnel, pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, nursing personnel, physicians, operating room personnel, environmental services personnel, research laboratory personnel, and workers in veterinary practices where these drugs are used. With the use of antineoplastic drugs expanding into other specialties, the number of workers who are not properly trained in their safe handling has increased over the past few years.
These exposures can induce lethal health defects into the healthcare workers. These health defects can be of short term as well as long term. A recent study documented learning disabilities in the children of nurses who had handled antineoplastic drugs during the course of their employment. Reports have revealed a correlation between cancer occurrence and healthcare workers' exposed to these drugs. All the safety guidelines formulated by different healthcare units should be strictly followed to minimize the adverse affects of hazardous drugs on mankind.
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occupational exposures to hazardous drugs
Occupational exposure to hazardous drugs can occur place in numerous ways. The main routes of exposures are the dermal absorption, inhalation of aerosolized drugs, injection and ingestion. The workers may be exposed to hazardous drugs by inhalation via droplets, particulates and vapors when they create aerosols, crush the tablets and clean up the spills.
There are numerous pharmaceutical manufacturing plants and healthcare organizations that use hazardous drugs as the basic constituents for important medicines. All across the world, there are more than 5.5 millions of professionals that become the victims of occupational exposures to hazardous drugs every year.
There are numbers of pharmaceutical manufacturing industries and healthcare units that deals with hazardous drugs. More than 5.5 millions of professionals all across the world are vulnerable to occupational exposures to hazardous drugs. The workers engaged in all sorts of drug activities may get exposed to hazardous drugs during drug manufacture, handling, administration, transport, distribution, disposal, waste treatment etc.
There are numerous adverse effects of occupational exposures to hazardous drugs. These effects are both short-term as well as long-term. The hazardous drugs cause carcinogenic, genotoxic, organ toxicity and teratogenic disorders that are highly lethal. These occupational exposures to hazardous drugs can take place during all the drug related activities that include drug manufacture, administration, handling, monitoring, transport, distribution, storage and waste treatment.
Occupational exposures to hazardous drugs are very lethal and can take millions of lives. The professionals engaged in all sorts of drug related activities often become the victims of these exposures. These drugs can cause genotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic disorders that are highly disastrous and can also results in organ toxicity.
Hazardous Drugs contain noxious agents such as cytotoxic and antineoplastic agents as their important components. These toxicants are the potential sources of several health hazards and they have the ability to cause number of diseases when exposed to the living organisms. Innumerable surveys have been conducted to determine the amount of these drugs being used in different treatment techniques and the frequency of their exposure to the healthcare staffs.
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