Some smart investors see value in Mueller Water Products (MWA). They're probably right; but, Mueller isn't the kind of situation that jumps out at me as a clear bargain I can understand. However, there is something peculiar about this situation that makes it worth writing about. (Note: The information in this article was current as of Friday, April 6th, 2007 - please consult current market quotes).
There are two shares of Mueller Water Product common stock - Series A common stock and Series B common stock. There are roughly three times as many B shares as A shares. The A shares and B shares have identical economic rights. So, ownership of all of the B shares would provide a roughly 75% economic interest while ownership of all of the A shares would provide a roughly 25% economic interest.
Here's where things get interesting. "Shares of Series A common stock and Series B common stock generally have identical rights in all material respects except Series B shares have eight votes and each Series A share has one vote per share."
So, what's the premium on the B shares? There is none. The last trade on Mueller A shares (MWA) was at $13.98; the last trade on Mueller B shares (MWA.B) was at $13.64. Buyers of the A shares are currently paying $0.34 a share more to reduce their voting power by 87.5%.
You can't convert A shares into B shares or B shares into A shares. If you could, there would be a profit in simply buying, converting, and selling. Unfortunately, you can't do that. So, there's no "manual" arbitrage opportunity here. Obviously, you can bet that the discount on the B shares will be eliminated - but, the market has to close the gap for you.
Regardless, there is a nonsensical discrepancy in price between the A shares and the B shares.
Anyone looking to make a new investment in Mueller should buy the B shares. There's no reason to touch the A shares until they are trading at a discount to the B shares.
Owners of Mueller A shares who currently hold those shares in a manner that would cost them less than $0.34 a share to sell should immediately begin selling their A shares and putting the proceeds into the B shares. Doing so would slightly increase their economic interest in Mueller's business, greatly increase their voting power - and, over the long-term, possibly provide additional appreciation in the share price, if and when the B shares consistently trade at a premium to the A shares.
Do the B shares have to trade at a premium to the A shares? Technically, no. But, in the future, it's possible that circumstances may make the B shares far more attractive to certain investors. The A shares are extremely unattractive to any large shareholder who isn't committed to complete passivity as close to 96% of the votes are tied to the B shares - the A shares are essentially non-voting shares.
Furthermore, there are fewer A shares, so it would be more difficult for a large investor to acquire a meaningful economic interest via the A shares without moving the price of those shares.
While some investors might have very good reasons for buying the B shares when they trade at a higher price than the A shares - no one has a good reason for buying the A shares when they trade at a higher price than the B shares.
Right now, the choice seems simple - dump the A shares; buy the B shares.
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