RENITA IS A LECTURER IN ONE OF THE TOP MOST UNIVERSITIES IN INDIA.SHE IS A POST GRADUATE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION,SHE TEACHES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS,ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT.
The working capital in a firm generally arises out of four basic factors like sales volume,technological changes,seasonal , cyclical changes and policies of the firm.The strenghth of the firm is dependent on the working capital as discussed earlier but this working capital is inteslf dependent on the level of sales volume of the firm.The firm requires current assets to support and maintain operational or functional activities.By current assets we mean the assets which can be converted readily into cash say within a year such as receivables,inventories and liquid cash.If the level of sales is stable and towards growth the level of cash,receivables and stock will also be on the high.
However,with the increase in the working capital as a result of high sales volume this pattern is referred to as working capital management because in order to produce or manufacture additionally or increase the overall sales target,more amount of working capital is required by the firm which is possible only when the mannagement of working capital is prudent and effective whereas in case of declining sales reduction in the allocation of working capital will be prudent way to manage every business operation.Technological changes too has an impact on the management of working capital because as the production process changes or the line of business changes ,all this an an effect on the working capital requirements which in turn gets affected.Apart from this the policies of the firm too affects the pattern of working capital management.Seasonal and cyclical fluctuations,recession too adversely affects the sales pattern or functionalibilty of the firm.
Working capital management requires examination of maturity composition or liquidity of firms assets as it involves funadamental decisions on the firms liquidity and maturity composition of its debts therefore a trade off between profitabilty and risk inflences these decisions.In a nut shell the management of working capital proceeds with the aim of achieving three goals :
- Adequate liquidity
- Minimization of risks
- Contributing to maximising firm's value
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