The History of Blackjack

The increasingly popular game of blackjack is enjoyed by many around the world, yet behind the cards lies an interesting history traced back to France. Let us explore the progression of Blackjack throughout the years...

Before Blackjack

To have invented blackjack, someone would have had to have a pack of traditional playing cards. Cards are tremendously old, and although the exact date they were invented is not known, a rough estimation leads back to 700AD in China, during the tang dynasty. Although different from those we know today, this was the start of playing cards. They are now used in many of today's games including gin rummy, Texas Hold ‘em poker and Omaha, to name a few.

Vingt-et-un

The true origin of blackjack can be followed back to France in the 17th century, where it went by the name of vingt-et-un, which means '21' in French. The game was similar to the one played today, however there were a few differences, including the dealer being the only person allowed to double. In addition, players had the option to bet after each round, which is not allowed today.

Across The Seas

During the French revolution, the game made its way across the seas to America. At the time, the USA had banned all gambling in the country, so it had to be played in underground illegal gambling houses. Its popularity stood the test of time and eventually it was legalized in 1931 when it was still known as the game '21'.

Pioneers

Around the 50's, the game was always viewed as a one that required luck in order to beat the dealer. However, in 1953, this would all change, as Roger Baldwin set out to mathematically explore the game in depth. He did this by calculating odds and game theory in order to beat the house edge. His findings were published in a book called "Optimum Strategy in Blackjack. ”

But the book that really caused waves throughout the scene and filled casino owners with terror was "Beat the Dealer" by Professor Edward O Thorp, who used more advanced math, science and calculating systems in order to reveal details about the game.

Modern day

A huge stir was created around blackjack when a group of bright MIT scientists managed to make an estimated $4,000,000 over the years from casinos in America. Unfortunately, private investigators were sent to deal with them and one by one, they were banned, putting an end to their card counting days.

Along with poker, Blackjack has enjoyed the success of Internet online gambling, where most online sites now offer the game.

Blackjack certainly has come a long way, from the gambling houses of France, to global domination, and it is sure to be enjoyed for many hundreds of years to come.