A project manager, quite simply defined, is an individual who is responsible for the entire project. He or she is not responsible for completing every task. Indeed, it is unlikely that the manager would even have every skill needed to complete all the work. He or she is simply the final decision maker. This person will usually be considered responsible for the success or failure of a project, unless other reasons for the outcome are blatantly obvious.
A successful project manager uses a variety of skills. He or she must be able to efficiently obtain information which is then used to make informed predictions and business decisions. The ability to thoroughly analyze, create and implement successful projects requires dedication and foresight. A very organized, self-disciplined individual with experience in presentations is well fitted to a managerial position. This kind of manager stands out as a team leader who inspires employees and at the same time effectively achieves positive communication with customers when needed.
After the formalities of decision-making are over, the manager's hard work begins. Managers must envision the progress that should be made with an impartial eye. Adjustments may need to be made in the progress of goals and the effectiveness of actions. Team motivation and focus is essential and managers should be vigilant with these things as teamwork equals quality. Quality is pivotal in the overall progress of the project. Amidst all of this the manager has to keep an eye on time constrains and budgeting. A watchful eye for quality assurance will determine success or failure of any project. Effective planning eliminates actions not useful or damaging to the project.
The project manager will also need to define a plan and manage any changes to that plan, all while keeping project goals in mind. The goals for the project must be created, as well as a plan of action for accomplishing them. The process of bringing these goals to pass must be managed without allowing them to go beyond the scope of the goals themselves. There must also be a contingency plan for identifiable risks should they come to be a problem. There must also be a determination of any changes to the scope of the project, as well as an estimation of costs, all of which must be put in writing with the customer.
Evaluation of a team's assets and liabilities is essential to good leadership. The good project manager will also be able to use this knowledge to achieve the most successful results from his or her team. Diplomacy combined successfully with assertiveness, rather than aggressiveness, is a useful combination of skills. Clear lines of communication to the team and among team members are important. It should be noted that, while maintaining the schedule is the manager's responsibility, team members should have input into developing this schedule.
In 1969, the Project Management Institute, or PMI, came into existence. It was meant to ensure that project managers got the skills they needed for current success and future advancement. In 1981, PMI directors published a set of appropriate standards and guidelines. This frequently updated guide to project management is referred to as the PMBOK, and should be carefully reviewed by those who wish to be successful project managers.
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