Mortgage Lending: What’s Your Point?

Buying a home is a confusing process, and one of the most confusing prospects is settling on an interest rate.  Even when you decide what type of loan you want, you find you still have options as to what rate to lock.  Some of these options stem from whether or not you buy down the rate by paying a point.  A point is a fee that equals 1% of the loan amount.  For instance, if you are buying a $100,000 home, and your note amount is $97,000 (because you’re putting $3000 down), a point would cost you $970.

You can see the points you are being charged on line and 802 of your Good Faith Estimate, and later, on the same line on your HUD-1.  This line item reflects fees known as  “discount points”, but they truly aren’t interchangeable with origination fees (line 801) even if they sometimes serve the same purpose.  If you choose to pay a discount point, you should  expect a lower rate than if you didn’t.  So, if you’re quoted a rate of 6% 0 + 1, you are paying 1 discount point. If the quote is 6% 1+0, you’re paying an origination fee.  And 6% 0+0?  You’re paying no fees in either form.

What’s the difference between an origination fee and a discount point?  Well a few things.  Technically, an origination fee is what you pay the lender or the organization that takes the initial application and processes the loan.  A discount point is specifically paid to the lender to buy down or permanently lower the interest rate, and it’s usually a percentage of the loan amount.  You can also pay additional points to buy down your rate, not just a flat 1%.  You can pay a .5% or 2%.  It just has to make good economical sense for you.  And it shouldn’t be robbing you blind.

From a tax standpoint, there isn’t much difference.  An origination fee is generally tax deductible as long as it’s charged in the form of a “point” or percentage of the loan amount. However, you may ask your lender to charge you a discount point versus an origination fee to keep things neat and simple. Sometimes mortgage lenders charge you an origination fee when technically they should be charging you a discount point.  But they’re collecting all the fees anyway and happen to be giving you a lower rate.  It really matters most if you are working with a mortgage broker. Mortgage brokers can’t be paid discount points, only origination fees or broker fees. They can collect discount points to lower your rate, but  the discount point has to be paid to the mortgage lender with whom they’re doing business. And, this information should be disclosed properly on your Good Faith Estimate

A typical trade off is that a 1% discount point equals about .25% reduction in interest rate.  You should be able to easily decipher whether or not it’s worth it to buy your rate down.  How long do you plan to be in the home?  If not that long, then maybe you should think about a 0+0 quote.  If it’s your forever home, then dipping into your wallet and footing higher closing costs might be worth it in the long run.

However, if you look at your Good Faith Estimate and it seems you’re paying too much in origination fees and/or discount points, then you probably are.  Say something to your lender.  And if he doesn’t budge, you may want to look elsewhere.  Go with your gut instinct or call another reputable lender and get a second opinion.