In the early years the ink reservoirs were filled using an eyedropper, but this was a messy process, but the advantage of this pen was that it could hold more ink that any other auto filling pen. The next generation used self fillers which were made up of rubber sacs to contain the ink. The sac is squeezed and released to fill in the ink. In the year 1901 Conklin crescent filler was introduced to the public, it was the first mass production of self filling pens.
The mechanism used in Cresent filling pens: it has an arch-shaped crescent fixed to the strong metal pressurised bar, the crescent section jetting out from the holder through a pressure bar and slot placed in the barrel. The second component has a semi circular tough rubber ring situated in between the barrel and the crescent. The ring is used to block the semi circular ring from pushing downwards. To refill the pen the user has to just turn the ring round the barrel till the C-shaped ring matches to the gap inside the ring. This allows it to push the crescent down and compress the inner sac.
In the year 1950 a new plastic ink cartridge was introduced. Early on in 1820s screw-mechanism piston filler came into being. This system was widely used only when the Pelican was introduced in 1929. The basic mechanism used a simple handle at the bottom of the pen and a piston is drawn up to the barrel by a screw mechanism, which helps in sucking the ink. In the year 1949 the touch down filler was manufactured by Sheaffer, it had a handle at the bottom of the barrel which can be removed and the plunger can be taken out to the full length. The tip of the pen is sunk into to the ink container, the plunger that is pushed in compresses and then releases the ink pouch because of sir pressure.
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