David Bowman is the Owner and Chief Editor of Precise Edit (http://PreciseEdit.com), a comprehensive editing, proofreading, and document analysis service for authors, students, and businesses. Precise Edit also offers a variety of other services, such as translation, transcription, and website development.
These two words, with such different meanings, are frequently interchanged in writing. The problem is that they sound so similar, which causes many writers to use the wrong one. A little basic knowledge of English grammar will help you know which one to use--and why.
1. Common uses
"Effect" is most commonly used as a noun and refers to something that happens because of some action or event. A good synonym is "result." For example, pretend that you are watching a fireworks display, and one rocket makes a really big boom. The person next to you, deafened by the blast, turns to you and shouts, "That was a really great effect." That person is referring to the blast that occurred when the rocket exploded, i.e., the result of the explosion.
"Affect" is most commonly used as a verb and refers to the action of influencing something else. In fact, "influence" (the verb) is a good synonym. For example, when the person just mentioned has finished shouting about the effect, you might respond, "Yeah, it must have affected your hearing."
Here are a few more samples:
1. What will be the effect of winking at her? Will winking affect her opinion of me?
2. When she smiles at me, my whole day is affected. It's a strange effect.
2. Less common uses
""Effect" is sometimes used as a verb, though we don't like this use. It is too "new-speaky" for us, like using "dialogue" as a verb, which it isn't. When "effect" is being used as a verb, it refers to the action of causing something to occur. An example of this is: "My wink effected a change in her attitude about me."
"Affect" can be correctly used as a noun. As a noun, this refers to emotions or an emotional response. You will find many examples of this in psychology documents. An example is: "Her affect was strange when I winked at her."
3. Quick Summary
Effect: Noun, means result
Affect: Verb, means influence; Noun, means emotional response
Since so many writers mistake these two words, editors at Precise Edit usually do a search for them when editing. We examine each occurrence and make sure the correct word is being used. Correct word choice, after all, is a sign of being a professional writer.
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